Waiting Line Essay

The growing economic importance of service activities, however, has broadened the scope of MM function (in fact, the course will Ochs more on service facilities). Large scale globalization, short product life cycle and more informed customers means that successful management of operations, careful design and efficient utilization of resources is an absolute must not only to add to the bottom line of a firm, but even for its mere survival. MM is a highly dynamic and expanding field of management. In this course, we will study both manufacturing and service operations, emphasizing their differences as well as similarities.We will examine the role of operations management in the organization by exploring a number of concepts and techniques. The interaction of operations with other business areas and environmental factors, and how operations management can contribute to the achievement of organizational goals, also will be discussed. ; Course Learning Outcomes The objective of the course is to develop your understanding of the major concepts and trade-offs involved in making MM decisions. At the end of this course, you will: 1 . Recognize the important role of operations in an organization's success 2.Develop a comprehensive understanding of operational issues and decisions and how they relate to each other, and to other areas of the organization and its environment 3. Understand related operational and economical concepts and techniques 4. Apply these techniques At the end of the course, you will be able to: 1. Identify the fundamental managerial trade-off in an operations decision environment 2. Develop a decision model and formulate an appropriate objective 3. Evaluate alternative solutions and analyze the objective to optimize the decision 4.The textbooks are not required, out are recommended. I en problems at ten Ana AT every chanter In ten textbooks are useful in preparing for the midterm and final exams. The textbooks are also reserved for your use in the Bu siness Library. ; Lecture Notes: A required course package will be sold through the Management Undergraduate Society. The course package contains the following: Allurement (1998) article, one case study, and player manual for Simulation Game. The course slides, sample midterm and final questions, end-officiate practice questions will be posted on Web.Important Note: We may skip some of the course notes during classroom discussions and we will be covering quantitative material not covered in these notes. Most of this material is also available online/on Web for download. I will also post additional materials on WEB. Please check WEB at least once before and after each lecture for posted announcements, and materials.There will be two problem set assignments during the course. These assignments will be quantitative ones, each worth 7. 5% of the total marks. Each assignment will be due in approximately a week (the exact dates will be announced later on).You can complete and submit your assignments as a group. The maximum number of students that can be in an assignment group is 4. The assignments turned in by groups of 5 or more students will not be accepted. On the other hand, you are alcove to submit an assignment that you have prepared alone. The solutions will be made available after the due-date. It is important to include your all pages together. Late submissions will not be accepted. If you miss a class, your mailed assignment, postmarked no later than the due date, will be accepted as on-time.There will be one midterm and one final exam to test your understanding of the material covered in the course. Both the midterm and the final exams are compulsory, closed book and closed notes. Students are not allowed to bring any additional material and information related to the exams. A formula sheet will be provided together with the exam. The formula sheets for the midterm and for the final can be downloaded from WEB. Note that missing an exam is an issue that yo u will have to settle first with the B. Com office. The course policy is not to offer make-up exams.GRADES The grades for the midterm and the assignments will be posted on WEB. Please check the course page whenever a new grade is available and immediately inform the instructor if there is a discrepancy. In accord with McGill University Charter of Students' Rights, students in this course have the right to submit in English or in French any written work that is to be graded. There will be 1 case study assignment in the course, and it should be done in group of 6. The case study is: Delays at Logan Airport. This case is included in the course package.A number of questions will be provided during the course for the case, which should serve as a basis for group discussion and case report. These questions will be of two types. One type of questions will have a calculator figure ( ) indicating the involvement of a quantitative analysis. The other type of questions are to initiate broader discussion of the case study based on the managerial insights that can be developed from quantitative questions, case discussion among the group members and use of strategic operations management and related concepts.The full case study report should not exceed 5-pages typewritten, one-and-half-spaced, using default margins and 12-point type. Your report should start with an executive summary (maximum 0. 5 pages), which summarizes your findings. The main body of the report should present a detailed discussion based on the provided questions and your analysis of the quantitative questions. Prepare an action-oriented advisory report, which presents concisely your analysis and recommendations for solution of the primary management problems.Make sure you demonstrate that you have thought through your recommendations and the effects on other related activities. Also demonstrate that you understand the concepts and tools from the class that apply. Clearly state your assumptions. Be select ive. Do not restate case facts. Summary tables in the text are encouraged for quantitative information. In addition to the report, you may supply any number of figures (visual representations of information contained in the text), and at most four exhibits. Make sure these are referenced in the text.Do not use the exhibits to violate the page limit. The report should stand alone, and the exhibits should provide only the documentation or details of a technical analysis. The exhibits must be easily understood and all variables defined properly and all assumptions stated clearly. Discuss limitations of your analysis or recommendations. These might include assumptions you made but do not feel comfortable with, or impediments to success that may prove more difficult than you expect. Discuss potential disadvantages of your recommendations.

Emotions Paper Essay

Emotions are personal experiences that are hard wired into every single human being on the planet. Yet, somehow people seem to have little control over them. After studying all the different kinds of emotions people can feel, I did a three day inventory of the emotions I experienced. In this paper, I will discuss how hard or easy it is to identify emotions and the methods I used to identify my emotions. I will analyze the types of emotions I felt and whether they were primary or secondary. Were they the typical emotions I experience every day? Do I give in to any emotional fallacies? How freely I express my emotions and what I have learned from doing this exercise. During the three day inventory, I sometimes had a hard time identifying the emotion I was feeling. I often had to refer back to the list of different emotions. While I looked at the list of emotions, I tried to think about what I was feeling physiologically during that time. I examined my actions nonverbally and then cognitively I put a label on the emotion. For example, on the first day of my inventory I got woken up before eight in the morning by uncertain noises coming from my bathroom. When I opened the door to the bathroom, I found both of my kids laughing and splashing in the toilet using a toilet brush. The first emotion I realized I felt at the time was annoyance that somebody woke me up so early. I recognized that due to cognitive interpretation. The second emotion I felt after opening the door to the bathroom was anger at my kids for playing in my bathroom even though they know better. I cognitively new it was anger because nonverbally I raised my voice, physiologically my heart rate and breathing increased, and after I punished them I realized my hands were shaking. All of those signs led me to believe that I was annoyed and angr y. Within three days I experienced eleven different emotions. Five of those emotions were primary and six of the emotions were secondary. Determination, one of the secondary emotions I experienced was facilitative, because being determined made me want to try harder to finish the task I was doing. For example, when I was trying to do homework with my kids I was determined to get it done, so I kept going until it was completed. Fear and anger were two emotions I experienced that are debilitative because I had a hard time controlling my rational behavior. For example, I experienced fear because a huge dog was loose at the park. For a minute I just froze and stared at it,  not doing anything until my son saw it and started screaming. That got me to start thinking again and we left the park. The emotion of fear became debilitative for me because the dog was loose with no owner. If the dog was loose but had somebody with him my emotion of fear wouldn’t have been as intense. To my surprise the emotions I experienced in the three days were mostly intense. Out of the eleven emotions I experienced, only three were mild. For example, on day one I felt happy about taking the kids to grandpa’s house, but I wasn’t so excited that I was jumping up and down. It was a mild happiness. An example of my intense emotion is when I got angry. On day one in the evening of day one my kids would not listen when told multiple times to pick up their toys. It got to the point that I raised my voice at them and my hands started shaking. Then I had to call my husband to intervene because I needed time to calm down. The emotions I experienced during the inventory were mostly typical. However, there were a couple of emotions that I don’t experience often. One of the emotions I don’t usually experience is being exhausted. Typically, I don’t feel exhausted, especially in the afternoon. After examining why I felt that way I realized it’s because I was starting to get sick. The next day, I felt another emotion I typically don’t feel or experience often. I was trying to do homework and I felt miserable because I was nauseas and I had a fever. Typically, when I do homework I feel motivated or excited that I am almost done. That same day in the evening I felt helpless which is also out of the ordinary for me. I felt that way because I had a ton of stuff I needed to do and I couldn’t do any of it. My typical emotions during the day are happy, irritated, annoyed, proud, loved, determined, scared, and excited. Studying the subject of emotions and doing this inventory made me realize I have some fallacies I tend to fall into almost every day. The first fallacy that applies to me is â€Å"fallacy of approval.† For example, when I go somewhere with my kids or husband and I have to choose what I am going to wear. I realized that a lot of the time it takes me up to an hour to decide because I want people to approve of what I am wearing. The other fallacy that applies to me is â€Å"fallacy of causation.† For example, when my kids are playing the noise they make sometimes irritates me, because I want it to be quiet in the house. So, I say to them â€Å"you guys are irritating me,† instead  of taking responsibility and saying â€Å"I am getting irritated with the loud noise.† In my opinion I don’t express my emotions freely. No one has ever told me that I am easy to read or that my emotions show on my face. When in public I only show emotions that are appropriate. If I am angry at the person or upset with someone I tend to hide my emotion until I feel comfortable telling them. Most freely I express my emotions at home, because that’s where I feel most comfortable. The least freely where I express my emotions are out in public, because of the fallacy of approval. It matters what people think of me. Doing this exercise has taught me that there are different kinds of emotions. Primary emotions are emotions that are hard wired into human beings, and secondary emotions make up primary emotions. I learned how to analyze what emotion I am feeling. I don’t think I have ever done that consciously before. It made me really think about my reactions, what’s happening in my body, and how I am feeling. I learned the valence of emotion. One emotion that you would usually think is negative can be both positive and negative. Also, I learned the word fallacy and how it relates to emotions. Last, I learned the difference between emotion and mood which I before I thought was the same thing.

Case study of Business strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Case study of Business strategy - Essay Example e origins of CEMEX was traced in 1906 as Cementos Hidalgo and eventually merged with Cementos Portland Monterrey to form the Cementos Mexicanos, later renamed CEMEX, with Lorenzo Zambrano as its founder. The Lorenzo Zambrano, appointed as the CEO of contemporary CEMEX, was a direct descendant and namesake of the original founder. From the strategies employed and implemented by Zambrano, the most critical was refocusing from the horizontal diversification to a strategy of geographic diversification within the cement business with the objective of attaining growth through acquisitions (Bartlett, Ghoshal & Beamish, 2008, p. 251). This defined Zambrano’s vision to make CEMEX an emerging global giant entrenched as a leader in the cement production and marketing. CEMEX slowly developed its competitive advantage in the cement industry by gaining expertise with priority in its homeland, Mexico. By investing in a$1 billion merger through the acquisition of significant cement producers in Mexico (Cementos Anahuac and Cementos Tolteca); CEMEX was able to secure the market leader position in Mexico, a move which proved to be an effective strategy prior to focusing in geographic diversification through purchase of cement companies in selected international markets. As averred by Ghemawat & Hout (2008), there are basically three significant strategies employed by global giants of the future, to wit: (1) exploiting evolving market conditions; (2) managing convergences in costs; and (3) reworking value chains (pp. 82 – 87). CEMEX has been effective in exploiting evolving market conditions. Through the challenges met from its stance to dominate the Mexican market, despite the peso crisis and the political instability that marked years of operating in their local market, CEMEX managed to generate profit margins partly due to servicing the self-construction part which was minimally affected by the crunch. Further, during the period, CEMEX has already started to venture into

HCM367-0801B-01 The Health Care Organization - Phase 1 Individual Essay

HCM367-0801B-01 The Health Care Organization - Phase 1 Individual Project - Essay Example We have managed to tackle the hurdle of offering better health care at affordable prices to our beneficiaries. Our associates and staff are working relentlessly on the guiding principles set by the Senior Leaders of VPP and VH. Over the period of time, we have been able to develop a strong network of physicians, business owners, health care suppliers and beneficiaries. Now, we need to think ahead and bring some transitions by bringing technological support and integration of VH and VPP for changing times. We need to redesign some of our business plans and health care delivery system without harming the core values of the organization. Health care industry is amongst world’s most advanced sectors, both, scientifically and technologically. Advancement in technologies provides long term benefits for our beneficiaries, associates and us. At the level of care delivery, the technological support can built better patient management plans - Evidence based medicine. It will also support us in promoting better health and decreasing mortality rates. With the help of technological support, we can venture into clinical venues by bringing changes in physician practice, ER Department and Other Departmental requirements and long term care. The technological support can help in sustaining the Revenue Cycle at better pace by Audits at regular terms, access to patients’ financial management and accounts receivable. (2). The success of VPP and VH is due to the outstanding business planning of the senior leaders and also the staff and associates. In this changing time, we need to develop ‘Participative Management’. In the words of John Schuyler, â€Å"A culture of trust where there is ready access to information needed to do one’s job; not necessarily all company information, but sufficient for employees to gauge company performance.† (3) The dynamic role of CEO and CFO will be to initiate and evaluate effectiveness of participative management. Other Senior

Organizational Behavior Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Organizational Behavior - Case Study Example Ultimately, the case study which will be presented herein revolves around the employment experience of I, the statistics that this employment was able to generate, and the levels of interaction between the following 3 shareholders: my coworkers, Mr. Majed, and I. Shareholder 1: The Author As such, these three shareholders all integrated together under the umbrella of the firm in question; however, the job responsibilities and levels of power that each of these represented was distinct. Due to the fact that I was new to the employment process, the level of decision making abilities and overall power over the management process was necessarily limited. However, regardless of the lack of experience, I was tasked with quality of service improvement and set about categorizing some of the main functional areas in which the firm could develop a competitive improvement with relation to how it understood, appreciated, and dealt with its customers. The ultimate levels of interaction that took place with regards to the other two shareholders were mainly concentric upon seeking to implement and understand the means by which consumer needs could be furthered within this context. Shareholder 2: Fellow Coworkers The secondary group of shareholders was of course the other individuals that were working in the firm at the same time that I was seeking to integrate with them. ... own departments and individualized initiatives, they were on the whole rather uninterested in seeking to maximize profitability with regards to the given task that I had engaged with. Shareholder 3: Mr. Majed Finally, the third shareholder that is represented within the case study is that of Mr. Majed. As such, he represented the rather intractable and stoic representation of the manager that did not appreciate any type of challenge to authority. In this way he was of course the motivating factor in encouraging the situation into a position that resulted in my ultimate removal from the task that my original manager had placed me over. The interaction that took place was necessarily confined to I and Mr. Majed; with the other employees only playing a fleeting role in the situation due to their general lack of interest in the process or in seeking to change the existing dynamics that existed within the firm. Summary of Incidence: After a small study in the main branch, it was found tha t here were 350 to 450 customer’s visitors per day. Just, 250 to 300 of them were provided with the service. As result, the firm was losing between 50 to 150 possible customers each and every day. After a discussion of the observations with management, it was recommended that six employees would be hired to assist me in completing the task. What this affected was a type of interaction between my employees and the salesmen. However, three weeks later, my colleagues had a new boss who was of course Mr. Majed. This only occurred after my original manager had gone on vacation and proved to be a turning point with regards to how the entire situation unfolded. Soon thereafter, the dynamic which has been described imploded as Mr. Majed had no desire for either I or my former employees to do

Applying ethics on Amanda Knox's memoir Research Paper

Applying ethics on Amanda Knox's memoir - Research Paper Example So much of the information was left untouched and the investigations were hurriedly handled (Bosman, 2013). The investigation process of the case was harsh and time bound. The criminal backgrounds of Amanda, Guede, Patrick and Raffaele were not traced so that they could be source of the possibility of linking them with the murder charge. As the ethical dispensation of any murder case would have it, the tremor of the link with a murder case would torment the feelings of an innocent person (Bosman, 2013). The implication that the situations could bumper into the person’s mind, and alter the information due to the need to relieve her was never considered. This is one of the instances in the case and the proceedings that justify the case was not fairly and ethically addressed and handled. The investigation of the case In the process of acquiring the data on the purported evidence that linked Amanda and the others to the case of murder, much of the investigative processes and proce dures were left unrevealed. It could be true that Guede was at the scene where the British student was killed. This is because they had planned to meet at the restaurant, and the two had been seen to be in a social affair. However, this could be disputed by noting that being at a murder scene does not officially link one to being a criminal. The police ought to have investigated deeper into the matter, by letting him record a statement about the case and be left to roam. The immediate interdiction of a suspect causes more harm to the person, the reputation earned in years and the tremor causes more psychological arrest within oneself. During the interrogation by the police, she claims that the police made an attempt to convince her to accept the charges, and even beat her at the back of her head (Bosman, 2013). In the investigations, Guede was found to be escaping from the scene, but he got tangible reasons to overturn the perceptive reasoning of the police. Being that he was a blac k man and racism was in the core of every system in Italy, his conscience could not let him stay at the scene of such a prime crime. Philosophically, there are reasons that expose the urgency in the action one does in a criminal case. In a sober mind, none could wait and be lynched by the guilt of being a murder. Moving away from the scene was in a way appropriate for the sense of safety as well as having a direct view of the suspect trying to hide from the authorities. These two factors may determine the Guede’s action to run away. As well, this factor too was not taken into consideration by the investigative officers (Brygel, 2011). During the case hearing, the Judges were found to have refuted part of the evidences provided by the lawyers of the suspects. From the Court of Appeal directions to the judges, it is clear that in the previous court sessions; a lot of evidences were left and were not revealed to the court for they might have changed the profile of the case. Aman da being an American and Guede an Ivorian, it was apparent that the court and the entire prosecution process were predetermined to make the case be of a certain objective. The differences in the ethnicity of the people in a criminal case should not be used to implicate and determine the fate of the suspects and the prosecutors. The justice systems in every country should be based on rational dispensation of the truth behind the

School Attending and Academic Performance Hypothesis Testing Essay - 1

School Attending and Academic Performance Hypothesis Testing - Essay Example What is the alternative hypothesis? The alternate hypothesis is H0: ÃŽ ¼ = 75.62 (Performance on a test of social skills is same.) What is the null hypothesis? The null hypothesis is Ha: ÃŽ ¼ ≠  75.62 (Performance on a test of social skills is different.) What should the researcher conclude about this relationship in the population? The researcher should conclude that attending a private high school does not lead to higher or lower performance on a test of social skills when compared to students attending public schools. Are the results significant? Explain your response. The results are not significant. The Zobt value of 1.54 falls within the non-rejection region (-1.960 to 1.960), thus the null hypothesis H0 is not rejected. What is the probability of making a Type I error?   The probability of making a Type I error (ÃŽ ±) is 0.05, as the Zcrit value of  ± 1.960 refers to 0.05 significance level for a two-tailed test. If a Type I error were made, what would it mean?   Type I error refers to rejecting the null hypothesis when it is in fact true. Thus, if a Type I error were made, it would mean that attending a private high school leads to higher or lower performance on a test of social skills when compared to students attending public schools when in fact it is not true. What is the probability of making a Type II error? The probability of making a Type II error (ÃŽ ²) is about 0.6615. The power (1 – ÃŽ ²) of the test is 0.3385. If a Type II error were made, what would it mean? Type II error refers to not rejecting the null hypothesis when it is in fact false. Thus, if a Type II error were made, it would mean that attending a private high school does not lead to higher or lower performance on a test of social skills when compared to students attending public schools when in fact it is false.

Le Corbusier's Toward's a New Architecture and Adolf Loos' Ornament Essay

Le Corbusier's Toward's a New Architecture and Adolf Loos' Ornament and Crime - Essay Example nt roles in the transformation of the conception of art and architecture, the dawning of a new age in styles and composition, making a mark in the discipline of architecture. In this paper, we will discuss and compare the similarities in the theories of Loos exhibited in â€Å"Ornament and life† to that of Le Corbusier’s â€Å"Towards a New Architecture†. We will discuss in specific, the most influential theory presented by Le Corbusier, in â€Å"eyes which do not see† in comparison to Adolf Loos’ â€Å"Ornament and Crime†, both relating to the need to emphasize the role of purpose or utility of an architectural structure and the absence of ornaments. The interesting aspect of the comparison between Loos and Corbusier lies in the two common vies they shared. On the one hand, the work of both is concerned with the autonomy of architectural means; on the other, both try, each in his own way, to place his work in a context, something which each makes particularly clear in his writing. (Risselada, Loos and Beek, 1). In Corbusier’s reading of â€Å"eyes which do not see†, he begins with explaining the need to see the connection between architecture and the new machine age, implying that architecture must focus not on art but on needs and functionality. He explains this aspect by comparing the evolution of architecture to the evolution of a car. In the beginning, the sole purpose was transportation, later began to give importance to durability, resistance and such. Further, they went on to incorporate luxury and style on having attained the basic necessity. With the lapse of time, appearance and luxury began to delude people and the main aspects were given less importance, as if resistance and durability were aspects that were to be sidelined. He believes that architecture has taken that direction, competing in beauty and magnificence, while failing to address purpose. This may be easily compared to the view of Adolf Loos in â€Å"Ornament and Crime†, where he

A Significant Problem of the Airline Industry and the Profitability of Research Paper

A Significant Problem of the Airline Industry and the Profitability of the Company - Research Paper Example The Rivalry is a major factor that influences the operation of a business in the industry. At present, there are 10 best budget airlines operating in Asia that has been rated by Smart Asia Travel, an online travel magazine (rediff.com, 2008) as Asia’s top 10 budget airlines. On the basis of cheap tickets, reliable schedules, decent service, route network and access, Air Asia has been rated number one by this travel magazine. Other budget airlines that follow are Jetstar Asia, Nok Air, Tiger Airways, Cebu Pacific, Virgin Blue, Air Deccan, Spice Jet, Viva Macau and Hongkong Express. Rivalry among the budget airlines is considered intense because of its big number that competes for the same number of customers and market shares. Thus, there is a continuing race for leadership in budget airlines. Others reasons that intensify rivalry among budget airlines are the high fixed costs that require airlines to implement strategies to attract passengers and fill the airlines into the ful l capacity to attain the lowest cost per unit. High fixed cost is required in operating an airline, thus Air Asia needs to sell to a large number of passengers in order to attain profitability. This situation leads to the increased rivalry. Because of these high fixed costs, a firm finds it hard to make an exit in the industry. Take, for example, the situation of Air Asia that incurred huge losses before 2001 when it was owned by the government. The takeover of Tony Fernandez, a private investor revived the business and steered it to profitability.

Darkness in Poe, Hawthorne, Melville and Dickinson Essay Example for Free

Darkness in Poe, Hawthorne, Melville and Dickinson Essay E. A. Poe, Hawthorne, Melville and E. Dickinson’s works contain similar elements and images which can be related to the theme of darkness. These authors used these motives as their main subject throughout their works. Some of them led very gloomy and dark life so they used those experiences to utter their feelings by putting them on the paper. These poems and works can come across as kind of morbid at first sight so they will be thoroughly explained in the further text. E. A. Poe was labelled as immoral, crazy and depressive by his contemporaries partly because of his most famous poem â€Å"The Raven†. Many of them considered Poe’s behaviour insane when actually he was just a version of Romantic period moody hero like Byron, Keats and Shelly, yet today those â€Å"insane† people are called artists. His works were marked as spooky, spine-tingling and most importantly dark. Furthermore, a solid comparison can be made between 19th century horror writer Poe and 21th century horror writer Stephen King. Although centuries have passed the motif of darkness stays present. The Raven is a poem filled with dark, lonely and melancholic symbols. One of them to begin with is Gothic setting of the poem. â€Å"Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary, / Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore†. â€Å"Ah, distinctly I remember it was in the bleak December;/ And each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon the floor. † It’s almost like today’s readers can see in films. One can picture a small cabin deep in the woods on a cold December night with nothing but one candle and a man like shadow which can be seen through the window. Nevertheless, it is a perfect prelude to a horror movie or in this case to a horror poem. In addition to dark setting there is a dark protagonist, a young man suffering a great amount of pain, more precisely loss of a loved woman. Any human would start to question himself and talk to himself as he did in all of that loneliness and misery, but the only reply he got from the raven is â€Å"Nevermore†. That word is pretty devastating for the man on the edge. The Raven itself is a bad omen, dark one since it gives volume to a dark, spooky, ghostly atmosphere. His black feathers are traditionally considered to be a magic sign of something evil, rotten and ill. For the tone Poe is looking for, the raven is perfectly suitable bird. It looks just like the night it came out of. Yet again the night is another motif in poem which is entirely dark in physical and psychological sense. Night represents mysterious and slightly dangerous power of nature and it fits perfectly in the poem. Poe does not choose to write a horror of a sunny afternoon’s setting. One of the first things one can notice while reading The Scarlet Letter is enormous amount of hypocrisy. The society itself is hypocritical, nothing is white or black, people lie and everyone wears a mask, so that can be interpreted as dark motif. There are many examples of collision of light and darkness throughout the novel. Light is used to describe and emphasize good qualities of a human within or present state of emotions. And on the other hand, dark is obviously opposite of that. For example there is a scene when Pearl turns her head away from bright sunlight after stepping out in her mother’s arms from the dark, gloomy prison. This shows the contrast between light and dark and also evokes pity for the baby and her mother’s imprisonment. â€Å"She bore in her arms a child, a baby of some three months old, who winked and turned aside its little face from the too vivid light of day; because its existence, heretofore, had brought it acquainted only with the gray twilight of a dungeon, or other darksome apartment of the prison. † There is another example of light and dark in Hester’s description of Chillingsworth. She describes him as a devil-like figure with a black soul and eyes burning red like fire. Light and darkness represent change of behaviour and personality in a character and this is one of the best examples of that change. Chillingsworth becomes literally and figuratively dark and continues tormenting Dimmesdale. The forest in the novel is described as dark several times especially in comparison with the town. Everything happening outside of the town is considered to be dark which means sinful. For example, Hester who is a sinner in the eyes of society lives on the outskirts of town in the woods. Society dismissed her and marked her as an outcast. The fact she is living on a border of town and forest shows how certain people thought of her in certain situations. During the night she found refuge in the woods with Dimmesdale and during the day she was a sinner in the eyes of society in the town. The forest was seen as the place of evil by townsmen because it was unknown and mysterious. The wilderness of the forest is compared with the Hester’s moral wilderness. â€Å"She had wandered, without rule or guidance, in a moral wilderness; as vast, as intricate and shadowy, as the untamed forest. In Bartleby the Scrivener by Melville one can use doubling as a dark motif. The first example of doubles is Nippers and Turkey. They act like one person which is shown in the way they live their lives. Turkey is off in the morning because of the alcohol he drank the night before and Nippers is off in the afternoon because of his indigestion due to the lunch he had not so long before. They act like two faces of a coin. The second example and most important one is Bartleby. Melville is evoking him as a kind of phantom double. Descriptions of him represent him as either ghostly or a corpse, â€Å"cadaverous†. His indifference toward anything makes The Lawyer feel guilty and the act of understanding and helping Bartleby is just a way of satisfying his conscience. Isolation is also a dark motif in Bartleby the Scrivener. During the day Bartleby stares at the window facing the wall and during the night he sleeps in his office. In fact, this is a perfect picture of Wall Street and people who were really emotionally imprisoned because of their work. The last author to be explained is Emily Dickinson. She was beyond her time, left all alone in her world with nobody there to understand her. Her life was lonely and that, among all else, resulted in two nervous breakdowns. The poetry she wrote was full of dark and mysterious motives. One of her many poems called â€Å"I’m Nobody, who are you? † can explain the core of Dickinson. Although this poem has element of comic sense to it, it’s not quite as comical as it seems. Here Dickinson has a light tone, childish voice and she invites reader to come to her dark side. The main thesis in this poem is the loss of identity and personality. „Im Nobody! Who are you? / Are you – Nobody – too? / Then theres a pair of us! / Dont tell! theyd advertise – you know! â€Å" She is explaining that there is a pair of them, nobodies and outsiders. The speaker fears to reveal their identity because they will not be anonymous free-thinking â€Å"nobodies† that they have chosen to be. It is not arguable that all of these authors were lonely and filled with pain due to certain tragedies but some of them felt it more than others. If every aspect of their lives is taken in consideration one should give a gold medal in darkness and despair to Poe and Dickinson. Nevertheless, all of them were human with real human emotions and their way of coping with pain was by writing it on a piece of paper. No matter how morbid and depressing these works are, they are works of art. It is important to remember how difficult it is to share your emotions publically and let every individual to interpret it in its own way, maybe even comparing it to its own life experiences. That is the beauty of it.

Analysis of the Tourism Sector and Employment Rates

Analysis of the Tourism Sector and Employment Rates CHAPTER 3 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS As in the previous chapter there was the theoretical and empirical literature review of impact of tourism on employment. This chapter will focus on the statistical analysis of tourism sector and employment. 3.1 Overview of Tourism sector in Mauritius Tourism sector is considered as the main pillar in the Mauritian economy. Mauritius has been experiencing rapid growth during the last few decades. The tourism sector is supervised by theMinistry of Tourism and Leisure, theMauritius Tourism Promotion Authority(MTPA) promotes Mauritius locally and internationally. The Mauritian economy has been continually changing and growing during the last ten years. As the Mauritian economy was dominated by the agriculture of sugarcane and then by the textile industry, the Mauritian economy now positions itself towards flourishing sectors such as tourism. Tourist arrivals in Mauritius have been increasing drastically during the last few years. This increased in tourist’s arrival has generated a lot of employment opportunities for the local people. Mauritius has experienced an increase of 3.7% of the number of tourist arrivals in the month of January 2014 compared to the month of January 2013 according to the statistic of Mauritius. The Tourism Authority is responsible for regulating, licensing and supervising the activities of tourists enterprises. The Association des Hà ´teliers et Restaurateurs de là ®le Maurice (AHRIM) is a non-profitable organization was set up in 1973 to represent and develop the interests of hotels and restaurants in Mauritius 3.2 Tourism Flows Mauritius was a late starter in competing for international tourist. In 1968 only 15,553 tourists visited Mauritius. The government provided initiatives for developing the tourism economy by improving the infrastructural road and by providing facilities at the international airport. In the first ten years of independence, there has been significant increase in tourist arrivals reaching 108,322 in 1978 and it reached 128,360 in year 1979. However, in year 1983 tourist arrival had decreased to 124,000. Since 1983 there has been a consistent increase in arrivals of tourist and 374,639 tourists were recorded in 1993. Tourism has benefited from an increasing proportion of credit from commercial banks during this period. Government has been consistently investing in the tourist industry by improving and expanding transport , harbour facilities, modernising the airport and the provision of education and training for hotel and catering industry. Tourists arrivals increased by 177,599 over the period 1994 to 1999 from 400,526 to 578,085. Thus from year 2000 to year 2013 tourist arrivals has been increasing year by year as Mauritius has been able to compete with its competitors and is becoming the dynamic industry for Mauritius 3.3 Trend of tourism in Mauritius Trend in Mauritius tourism is considered as a flourishing industry in the island. There is no denying fact that tourist arrival in Mauritius has been increasing year by year as Mauritius is considered as a paradise island which attract numerous tourist in the island. figure 3.3 From figure 3.3 it can be noted that during the year 2010 till the year of 2013, there has been a continuous increased in tourist arrival in Mauritius. From the year 2013 till the month of February 2014, there has been a significant increase of 300,000 tourist arrival in the economy. The statistics from the beginning of the nine months in the year 2013 has recorded that there has been a decrease of 2.3 % in the arrival of tourists from European countries. However in the other hand, Mauritius has experienced an increased in its arrival of tourist from other countries such as Malaysia (48.9%), china (97.1%), Singapore (12.9%), Japan (3.3%), Hong Kong (16.6), Africa (2.9%) and Unite Arab Emirates (63.8%). Thus it can be deduced that there is an increase trend of tourist arrival in Mauritius. These figures clearly show the global tourism trend and most of the arrival of tourist in Mauritius was from the Asian market. The statistics estimated an increased in the tourist arrival in the year 2014 as Asian market seems to become a prominent market for Mauritius. The statistician of Mauritius predicted that the figure of increased tourist arrival will be around 1.03 million. The Mauritius statistics data revealed that particularly Asia and china seem to be dynamic tourism for the Mauritian economy. The Mauritius tourism promotion authority is promoting Mauritius abroad as a tourist destination by doing more and advertising campaigns and by participating in tourism fairs and it is making promotional expedition and activities in Mauritius and internationally. The government has expanded the SSR international airport so that it can accommodate more tourists so that tourism sector in Mauritius becomes a well recognised market in international level. Many countries consider tourism as an engine for future development offering diverse opportunities. Technological advances are making travel easier and increasing the number of people who are travelling annually to spend their holiday. For small and large enterprise, those searching for employment and communities wanting to promote their culture and tradition, tourism are an easy industry to enter. Table 3.3: percentage changed in tourist arrivals ( Source: CSO Mauritius) From the above table it can be deduced that Mauritius has experience a total increase of 2.9 % in year 2013 from the year 2012. It has received a significant increase of tourist arrival from China which is 100.7 %. Thus China is becoming a leading market for China. The government has increased the number of flights per week to china so that it can boost up the economy by receiving more tourists and this will generate economic growth in the country. In addition the government is also taking initiative to make Mauritius a platform for medical tourism. More and more tourists are coming to Mauritius for the medical purpose also. According to the Tourism Office of Mauritius, South Africa exceeded UK visitors in 2012 and 40,490 South Africans visited Mauritius in year 2013 in contrast with a total of tourists of 89,058 in 2012. Thus Africans are showing great interest towards Mauritius for holiday destination. The room occupancy rates in Mauritius experience an uneven trend during the review period. According to statistics of Mauritius the occupancy rate decreased from 68.0% in 2008 to 61.0% in 2009 as there was a decline in demand from European travellers due to the euro zone sovereign debt crisis. In year 2011 there was recovery as the occupancy rate raised to 65.0 %. However as there was an excessive increase in the supply of hotel rooms in 2012, the occupancy rate decreased again in year 2012 as it reached 62.0 %. According toStatistics Mauritius, total passenger arrivals to Mauritius in year 2011 were 1,294,387 and tourist arrivals for the year attained 964,642.In year 2012 emerging markets,Russian people andPeople from China, registered positive growths of 58.9% and 38.0% respectively. According to theBank of Mauritiusthe gross tourism receipts wasRs44 billion in 2012. The forecast number of tourist arrival for 2013 is 1 million that is there has been a continuous increase in the development of the tourist industry in Mauritius. 3.4 Table Actual Tourism receipt Source: BOM statistics Table shows that revenue of tourist has been increasing year after year. However in year 2009 it has experienced a decreased of 13.3% from tourism revenue. Despite the decreased of tourism revenue in 2009 it has continue to increase which shows that more tourists has been spending their money in Mauritius and there has been an increased in tourist arrivals in the economy. The tourism industry of Mauritius has acquired a high level of excellence and international fame. It has also generated a large supply of foreign currency along with the creation of employment in relation to the tourism industry. 3.4 Trend of employment in Mauritius Table 3.5 Employment rate (source c.s.o) From table 3.5 it can be noted that compared with the corresponding quarter of 2012, there has been an increase in the labour force (+13,300) with an increase in both employment (+13,100) and in unemployment (+200). Compared with the previous quarter, labour force showed an increase of 2,000 in year 2013 with an increase in employment (+4,400) and a decrease in unemployment (-2,400). Thus there has been a positive trend in the employment in Mauritius as more and more people are being employed. According to travel and tourism economic impact 2013 Travel Tourism (Mauritius) created 69,500 employment directly in 2012 (12.1% of total employment) and this is forecast to increase by 2.2% in 2013 to 71,000 (12.2% of total employment). This includes employment by hotels, travel agents, airlines and other passenger transportation services. It also includes, for example, the activities of the restaurant and leisure industries directly supported by tourists. By the year 2023, Travel Tourism will account for 95,000 jobs directly, an increase of 2.9% over the next decades. This shows that there is a continuous increase of employment trend in the tourism sector for the future of Mauritius. Table 3.6 shows the number of people employed for the period of 2000 to 2013 in the tourism industry. It can be noted that there has been a continuous increase in total employment in the tourism sector from year 2000 to year 2013. That is more and more people are being employed in the tourism sector during the last decades. Thus tourism sector is becoming a promising industry as it is generating numerous employments in the country which is beneficial for the economy of Mauritius. In 2012, the total workforce in hotels and restaurants represented 40000 workers that is, it represented a total of 7% workforce. The labour force is known for its high level of customer care. About 7500 unemployed people have got work experience in hotel and restaurant sector. Thus the labour force is increasing significantly. Moreover, the Mauritian tourist industry is no longer an absorber of low skilled labour. Government has taken necessary initiative to intensify the level of training and education of workers who were already working in the industry and also for potential workers who are seeking job in the tourism sector. Mauritius has a number of high level training institutions, both public and private, offering both formal and on the job placement in the hotels for operational, supervisory and managerial personnel. Some are specialised technical and vocational training institutions and others are universities. Numerous institutes in Mauritius are providing courses of professional standards for the tourism study as Vatel institute which has recently been set up in Mauritius. At present, we have a well trained and well educated labour force in the tourist industry. As a conclusion it can be noted that there has been a continuous increase in the trend of tourism and employment. Tourism is creating more and more employment both directly and indirectly in the Mauritian economy. Mauritius has become a tourist destination for many countries thus the number of tourist arrival is increasing significantly. It is generating more and more employment in the country which is boosting the economy. Government are taking initiatives to promote the tourism sector as this sector is creating economic growth.

Programming Under The Wizards Spell :: essays research papers

The computer is a tool that has become indispensable to the modern family and company. In flourishing so successfully the computer has passed from incredibly complex and unusable to anyone how was not well versed in its intricacies, to consumer oriented and user-friendly. In Ellen Ullman's essay, Programming Under The Wizard's Spell, she attempts to convince to reader that the computer has been over simplified to the point of no return. The simplification of the computer made it more user-friendly and there for more appealing to customers, this only blinded people into using the computer the way corporate America wanted them to, using without understanding. First, this essay is a hybrid, it is a mix of the expository and comparison and contrast essay. In the first part she attempts to examine the differences between various Microsoft operating systems and the Unix operating system. Then the author tries to answer the question ''What is it ?'' and ''What is it not ?'' in paragraphs 3, Ullman states : ''Unix always presumes that you know what you're doing.'' and in referring to Microsoft she states it as: "Consumer-oriented, idiot-proofed, covered by its pretty skin of icons and dialog boxes [...]". She has tactfully drawn the boundaries between the two products which start to take one the appearance of the good and the corporate induced bad. Ullman has now inferred her goal, she wishes to convince the reader of her convictions of the new computerised corporate America. Also, she uses simple wording, narration and a somewhat comic anecdote of her experiences, effectively leading the reader into drawing negative conclusions about the new consumer oriented computer. She does not truly attempt to be objective but gives that illusion by shortly stating in the first paragraph: ''a reasonable, professional choice in a world where Microsoft platforms are everywhere''. This was a reasonably good statement that inspires in the reader to believe that Ellen Ullman is waying the good and the bad. Further more, once finished, the reader can only conclude that there where so many more bad things than good things about Microsoft that it most likely a bad product hinged on reducing our computing freedom. This conclusion is of course the only one possible to anyone how reads the essay. she made it this way but without actually expressing this opinion herself, she is merle telling a story littered with an unfavourable tone that seeped out of the text by her choice of wording: "My computer.

The Written Word Lives On :: essays research papers

The Written Word Lives On Wonderful things contribute to the life of my spirit everyday. With limitless pages bound by a common goal these books keep me ticking. At night while I shudder under my covers Ayne Rand and her John Gault have held me in a stupor for hours on end. Making the cold seem like a fantasy and Gault's hidden valley a physical reality. She has made me standing between my fantasies and I. From the first blessed page of the Cat In the Hat I knew I was finished. My nights of sleep seemed to have no chance. The twisting and turning of the tongue made a game my young mind enjoyed. Books, these windows to the other side, did not pass judgment and became my companions. I take a book with me when I travel so if I know no person at my destination I always have a friend with whom old times are shareable. Family without friends never provided me with enough company. Taking a walk with the dark elf Drizzt through the shadowed halls of his city Menzobaeren inspired confidence in me even in the solitude of a Hawaiian vacation. Calling reading just a hobby then does it injustice. Adventure fits it more appropriately. Books sweep me into the depths of imagination and let me share another persons dream while helping me see mine. Piers Anthony taking me through his spellbinding Juxtaposition opened my mind and revealed his dreams. I have held my grip on the exhilaration that brought me. I never feel as complete as when I visit another book. The ceaseless joy bonding my mind with another realm leads straight into addiction. Finishing a good story is akin withdrawal or the loss of a loved one. Someday a clinic may open in the name of helping readers come back without regret. The regret of the book ending unveils the truth in the saying "parting is such sweet sorrow." I harbor no doubt of the knowledge and abilities books shamelessly impart upon me. I wallow in it at every opportunity. Possessing an open mind navigates me out of the awkward situations in life. When I meet a new person it I feel no difficulty in sharing ideas and making compromise. Reading a variety of stories by a variety of authors contributed this. These authors take a masterpiece and thrown in some dastardly character that even a mother like. I compromise with the fiend for the sake of the whole book. I compromise with a vile teacher for the sake of my education. Sticking with experiences instead of

The Labyrinth of Life in The Garden of Forking Paths by Yu Tsun Essay

The Labyrinth of Life in The Garden of Forking Paths by Yu Tsun A labyrinth is classically a human construction designed to confuse. It can trap our lives, hiding our past and future and constantly forcing us to make choices, even though we may not know what the consequences of those choices might be. The confusion of the puzzle may even tempt us to run blindly through the labyrinth, ending in disaster. Life itself is often considered such a labyrinth, and by adopting the strategies of travelers who came before and choosing our path cautiously while playing close attention to the patterns of our lives, we may find the right path through the maze. Although the Labyrinth appears to be an intellectual challenge, every turn is accompanied by an ethical dilemma as well. 'The Garden of Forking Paths' is both an ethical and intellectual riddle. Consideration of Yu Tsun's intellectual choices must be accompanied by consideration of his ethical choices. The most terrifying aspect of the garden of forking paths is that the ending of the maze is never in sight. Often, we are aware of only the obvious consequences of taking any particular turn, while the obscure consequences are rarely anticipated. As a result, we cannot be sure where the next turn will bring us until we have made the choice. An action of tremendous personal significance, such as Stephen Albert's murder, may have no greater consequences than a winning a battle in a war that the German's could possibly end up losing. Ts'ui PÃ ªn himself was murdered by a stranger before he had a chance to explain the nature of his labyrinth, while the current war was started by another homicidal stranger. The choices made by these men within their labyrinths have brought Yu Tsun to Stephen Albert's home, to become the stranger who will kill Albert. The action of the story seems inevitable, yet such inevitability is a deception. The path we have chosen may appear to be the only path tha t can be taken, but in reality, the possibilities are far more complex, as Albert explains that Ts'ui PÃ ªn ?did not believe in a uniform, absolute time. He believed in an infinite series of times, in a growing, dizzying net of divergent, convergent, and parallel times . . .[where] time forks perpetually toward innumerable futures?(579). If we could see consequences of each decision we made before forced to make the decision, taking... ...ze. Furthermore, avoiding one hazard may cause us to fall subject to another. The labyrinth is infinite in size, and we are only aware of a very minute fraction, but contemplating too much on the unlived possibilities can cause us to be unaware of the present. However, to completely ignore these possibilities, and to ?imagine a future as irrecoverable as the past? (575) will leave us just as lost and trapped. Every decision we make within our garden of forking paths opens up another set of possibilities, possibly leading us into another labyrinth. If we allow our ethical sense to become clouded, we may even find ourselves in a labyrinth of our own making, a maze where the compass points are lost and every decision only serves to trap us more securely. There will always be choices never made, turns never taken, discoveries lost forever to the twists and turns of fate. We will never discover the innumerable fates of our counterparts in Ts'ui PÃ ªn's endless series of possibilities. Works Cited Borges, Jorge Luis. ?The Garden of Forking Paths.? The Norton Introduction to Literature. Ed. J. Paul Hunter, Alison Booth,and Kelly J. Mays. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 2002.

Analysis of Two Sonata-Form Piano Movements

Beethoven and Haydn provide several examples of sonatas. Two piano sonatas in particular are Beethoven’s Piano Sonata No. 5 in C minor, and Haydn’s Piano Sonata No. 49 in C-sharp minor. Haydn wrote primarily in the mid to late 1700’s, while Beethoven wrote about a hundred years later.For that reason, it is likely (and, in fact, true in these examples) that Haydn’s style would be more typical of ‘normal’ sonata form. The Beethoven sonata begins with a short A theme (which crashes staccato style between piano and forte), followed by a softer, more lyrical B theme.There is no transitional material between the A and B themes; the A theme simply ends and the B theme begins in the next measure. There is only a brief pause between them. The exposition repeats, and lasts unusually long before the transition and development begin. The transition is very brief, only a few measures, and the development is also fairly brief. The recapitulation begins shor tly afterwards. The sonata form is rather unclear throughout the piece – it is not a standard example by any means. The A theme is solidly in C minor, but the B theme is major.It is not the dominant, which is extremely unusual; it is probably in V/iv. It is difficult to tell what key it is in during the B theme as there is no transition, which is traditional, and it is not in the dominant. The recapitulation of this movement is two simple chords that are struck in staccato fashion, similar to the A theme material. The chords sound like V-I, which is a standard ending. The tonic-dominant relationship in this movement isn’t as strong as it would ordinarily be in a sonata; transitions are unclear or unused; keys are unusual.This is an odd example of sonata form. The Haydn sonata is a much more typical example of sonata form. It begins with an A theme in the exposition in C# minor, and moves, with a brief transition, into a B theme in the dominant. The A theme is a contras t between a forte staccato section, and a piano lyrical section, very similar to the Beethoven piece. The B theme is in general more lyrical and flowing than the A theme although it has staccato moments as well. The motives are very obvious, so it is easy to tell when the themes return, which they do throughout the movement.The exposition repeats. Afterwards, a development begins, with a very brief â€Å"x† section at the beginning as transitional material. The development contains a sequence in the middle of it, and the piece goes through several key changes there, landing on a V7 – I to finish the sequence. This sequence repeats later in the movement as well, just before the beginning of the recapitulation. The sequence is characterized by the emphasis of the bass in half notes with sixteenth notes playing over the top. It moves primarily in major seconds, but not exclusively.The A section repeats most often, more so than the B section. The A theme repeats very defin itely again at the start of the closing. The transitional material is brief and remains in the tonic, and the B theme is in the tonic. There is a short section at the end that is a bit different from the A or B theme that may be considered a coda. All in all, this is a very predictable, typical sonata form movement. These two movements are similar in that they are both sonata form movements, that they both have two distinctive themes, and that these themes vary between legato and staccato styles.However, Haydn, who composed during the classical period, adhered much more strictly to traditional sonata form, including proper transitions and key changes. The sections of the form are extremely easy to pick out and are in typical proportion to one another, with the development lasting the longest. Beethoven, who composed during the Romantic era, obscured the form more than Haydn did, so that it bore resemblance to sonata theme but was unique in several ways. The examples together show a progression in the compositional styles through the musical periods.

How does Steinbeck present three characters who are outsiders? Essay

The novel â€Å"Of Mice and man† wrote by Steinbeck. Steinbeck in 1930s he trying to say how was 1930s in the America .In 1930s John Steinbeck is trying to explain how people were migrating from place to place. The reason why people migrated was because people need money as a result of â€Å"economic depression†. Just for that reason the people are moving to another place to get money. Can you imagine every time you migrating to place to place .The novel is full outsiders .What is an outsider? An outsider is when somebody who is excluded from the community for a reason or for reasons. The reason why this so significant is because in those days there was great amount of depression, massive unemployment and migrant workers. At that time friendship was the only key to get people together or love each other. This is same situation we have in this novel which includes everything I have already mentioned. Firstly example â€Å"curley’s wife† is an outsider from novel. Stein Beck shows that by not giving her a name. He shows in this 1930s America women did not have their own identify .if they have not got an identify they cannot get a name .In 1903s women were used, only for cooking , house work and many other horrible things †¦.. When she talks to crooks she is saying â€Å"I could get you strung up on a tree so it easy it ain’t even funny â€Å"in sentence we can see curley’s wife is racist to crooks because crooks is black that’s right she hates him. She I s saying how easy it is to get crooks â€Å"strung up† We can see through crooks the racism in America .Another example Steinbeck includes Curley ‘wife to show the sexism in America in the 1930s.Where she grew up there was lots of fight because he husband curley is doubting man . For example: On day curley looking his wife because she is not in the house. So he came bunk house ask to every body in the bunk house they said no then curley asked where is slim they said he went to do some work .Then he get angry and shut the door hardly .Because he is always doubt with her wife so he thing she go with slim because he is wife is actual sexual life-she had none of except with curley and there has probably been no consummation there since .Curley would not consider her gratification and would probably be suspicious if she had any. Consequently she is little starved. She wants a friend to be respected .Her different kind of girl. Secondly Lennie is an outsider because he is a mentally disabled, he has like a child’s mind and he don’t understand when somebody talking to him. Am saying this because when George before killed him, he was saying this â€Å"How long, how long it will take to have a home and to have rabbits? â€Å"we can see from this sentence he has like child’s mind because he is saying† how long, how long?† he asking like a child.Lennie like to touch soft things .Lennie â€Å"now I won’t get to tend the rabbits†. This shows us when lennie touch the soft things that will die!!! Because lennie is too strong but he doesn’t know how strong he is. Another example for lennie when he takes the, mice dies in that time. He always dreams to get so many rabbits and to have a nice home with his best friend George . Some times he gets angry† suddenly his anger rose God damn you â€Å"he cried.† Why do you get killed? You ain’t as mice. This shows us he can’t tend the rabbits because George said if you do bad thing you can’t get tend the rabbit and land because if lennie do bad things he can’t live on a place. Lennie before kill Curley’s wife Lennie was stroking her hair because lennie likes to touch soft things .When Curley’s wife said† let go† and shout to lennie and lennie gets angry but lennie doesn’t want to let her because her hair is so soft. Then lennie trying to stop her to shouting and shut her mouth but by accident he broke her neck and she died. Steinbeck foreshadows this. He is a big man, in contrast to his name. He has limited intelligence, so he relies on George to look after him. He copies George in everything George does and trusts George completely. â€Å"Behind him(George)walked his opposite, a huge man, shapeless of face, with large, pale eyes, with wide, sloping shoulders; and he walked heavily, dragging his feet a little, the way a bear drags his paws. His arms did not swing at his sides, but hung loosely.† He shares a dream with George to own a piece of land. Lennie’s special job would be to tend the rabbits .He likes to pet soft things, like puppies and dead mice. We know this got him into trouble in Weed when he tried to feel a girl’s soft red dress: she thought he was going to attack her. He can be forgetful – George continually has to remind him about important things. He is very gentle and kind, and would never harm anyone or anything deliberately. He is extremely strong: he can work as well as two men at bucking barley. He is often described as a child or an animal – he drinks from the pool like a horse and his huge hands are described as paws. Thirdly crooks is the only black person in the ranch it makes him an out sider.He is the lowest of the lowest and we can see this when Curley’s wife say bad things crooks using her status as a white woman over him. Crooks always left out and woman love to have a friend. These shown when lennie comes into his ranch and let him sit down. He also takes his anger out on lennie by saying George won’t come back. He is trying to make him feel how crooks has been feeling all his life crooks have some dreams but it can’t be really but his dream is to have good family and to have children and his other dream is not racism black and white†¦.Crooks physically disabled . Crooks black stable worker. He is disfigured and is out sider as well as candy. He has a place of his own and stays there by him self .He doesn’t want a company. He also want to part of George and Lennie’ dream. He said that he would work out. He is only new who understands lennie, be sides George, and be friends him. He looks past lennie mental handicap and lennie looks past crook’s physical handicap. Crooks are the black stable hand or buck. He is the only permanent employee at the ranch, since he injured his back in an accident. His back gives him constant pain. He is the only black man around and is made to be isolated by his colour – he can’t go into the bunk-house or socialise with the men. He is always called the ‘nigger’ by the men, which shows how racism is taken for granted. The men don’t mean to insult Crooks every time they call him this, but they never think to use his name All this has made him proud and aloof. He is lonely â€Å"S’pose you didn’t have nobody. S’pose you couldn’t go into the bunk house and play rummy ’cause you were black†¦A guy needs somebody-to be near him†¦.I tell ya a guy gets too lonely an’ he gets sick.† The only time he mixes with the ranch hands socially is when they pitch horseshoes – and then he beats everyone! He has his own room near the stables and has a few possessions. He has books, which show he is intelligent and an old copy of the California Civil Code, which suggests he is concerned about his rights. He has seen many men come and go, all dreaming of buying a piece of land, but is now cynical, as no one has ever achieved it.

The Godfather and the Meaning of Family

The Godfather A family is a basic social unit consisting of parents and their children, and is considered a group, whether they reside together or not; the traditional family, which usually consists of family values and beliefs. In American literature family serves as a base in our society which can be shaped and molded into many different forms. Mario Puzo’s The Godfather demonstrates family as a successful business, with strict and traditional Italian roots. The story is focuses on the Corleone family, a very close knit traditional Italian-American family, who all live on the same cul de sac and are neighbors to each other.Their business is based on the family’s mafia operations. They live their lives in the midst of crime. Some takes the law into their own hands, by avenging a crime to protect the weak while others use it to rise into a position of wealth and power. The executive or head of the Corleone family is the decision maker or â€Å"shot caller;† he is like the â€Å"Robin Hood† of the Sicilians people. To all those who have proven their loyalties to him are entitled to help from their â€Å"Godfather. † He is willing to help anyone who calls them his friend; because he believes that â€Å"Friendship is everything.Friendship is more than talent. It is more than the government. It is almost the equal of family† (Puzo 38). The executive or head of the Corleone family is Don Vito and after his death, Michael; his youngest son, who later takes the role. In a sense, both in the novel and film begin and ends with â€Å"the Godfather† and some may call him â€Å"the Don. † Through they both have very different experiences, they are believed to be â€Å"infinitely more intelligent and less obviously corrupt than any of the other characters† developed in the story (Williams 77).Both are willing to accommodate their competitors, take a step back, and not get involved unless necessary, for they beli eve to never hate your enemies because it affects your judgment and to keep their friends close and their enemies closer However, they are considered to be the most powerful organized crime family in the United States. â€Å"Great men are not born great, they grow great, and so it was with Vito Corleone. †¦ Vito Corleone made the final step from a quite ordinary, somewhat ruthless businessman to a great Don in the world of criminal enterprise.It did not happen in a day, it did not happen in a year, but by the end of the Prohibition period and the start of the Great Depression, Vito Corleone had become the Godfather, the Don, Don Corleone† (Puzo 213). A family of organized crime that is sometimes portrayed as so caring and helpful, that we don’t always think of them as bad guys per say. They have respect and are behaved in a way that is very elegant. But of course there are times when they must take action upon themselves even if it is against the law.It is a known that the main focus of a stereotypical Mafia family is centered around the use of violence. For instance, in both the novel and film, Connie Corleone; the daughter of the Don Vito gets married to an abusive and gets beaten down while pregnant, which later becomes one of the reasons for his death. Aside from that we also see many deaths cause by the vengeance and business. Another example is the opening of the movie, when Bonasera states â€Å"I believe in America. America has made my fortune. And I raised my daughter in the American fashion.I gave her freedom, but — I taught her never to dishonor her family† as he tells Don Vito, his grief about what had happen to his daughter (The Godfather). The family is cruel yet respectable, violent yet sophisticated and heartless, but not without rules. We as a viewer or a reader can overlook the evil and come to sympathize with the Corleone family. The Godfather permits an audience to support the mafia lifestyle and the sins th ey’ve commit. We overlook what is supposed to be right and sympathize with the lifestyle of these mobsters.We side with Corleone’s crime because of such quotes like â€Å"A man who doesn’t spend time with his family can never be a real man,† when Don Vito Corleone says this, we as the audience find ourselves liking a character they might not otherwise like. In America we tend to sympathize with people who are compassionate and are family oriented. Those who make their family priority number one, who shows and express true respect and defines a man by the amount of time he spends with those he loves. The Godfather narrative was able to supply the idea of a â€Å"strong and benevolent father to take care of both family and an unimpeded business life,† as stated in the MELUS Article, â€Å"The Godfather and American Culture: How the Corleones Became ‘Our Gang’† by Mary Ann Mannino. This simple image of a genuine family value allows for anyone to relate and understand the character even though at times the character may be immoral. Towards the end, Michael states â€Å"if I can die saying, â€Å"Life is so beautiful,† then nothing else is important.If I can believe in myself that much, nothing else matters. He would follow his father. He would care for his children, his family, his world. But his children would grow in a different world. They would be doctors, artists, scientists. Governors. Presidents. Anything at all. He would see to it that they joined the general family of humanity, but he, as a powerful and prudent parent would most certainly keep a wary eye on that general family† when family again is reconfirmed (Puzo 411). Works Cited Mannino, Mary Ann. The Godfather and American Culture: How the Corleones Became ‘Our Gang. ‘. † MELUS 28. 3 (2003): 218-232. Literature Resource Center. Web. 16 Nov. 2012. Puzo, Mario. â€Å"The Godfather. † Greenwich: Fawecett, 1969 . Print. Simon, William. â€Å"Analysis of the Structure of The Godfather, Part One. † Studies in the Literary Imagination 16. 1 (1983): 75-90. Rpt. in Contemporary Literary Criticism Select. Detroit: Gale, 2008. Literature Resource Center. Web. 14 Nov. 2012. The Godfather. Dir. Francis Ford Coppola. Perf. Marlon Brando and Al Pacino. Paramount Pictures. 1972. DVD.

External and Internal Environmental Analysis Paper Essay

The purpose of the paper is to scan, â€Å"the internal and external environmental factors of AT&T internet access technologies for the consumer market. It further identifies and discusses the AT&T’s core competencies and sources of competitive advantage. Lastly, AT&T’s business model and its impact on the organizational performance† (UOP, 2013). AT&T uses the most common tool (i.e. SWOT analysis) to analyze its progress in the market and identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunity and, threat. External environment analysis is important in determining the strategy that should be adopted by a business and internal environment analysis is critical to identify the core competencies of the business. External environment AT&T very well understands their competitors and external factors and hence, to better meet its customer needs, it formed the Broadband & Internet subsidiary. â€Å"The external environment consisting of all the conditions and forces that affect its strategic options and define its competitive situation† (Pearce & Robinson, 2013, p. 12). External environment can be broadly classified into three types: Remote, Industry and, Operating. 1. Remote environment consists of the forces like â€Å"economic, social, political, technological and ecological factors that originate beyond, and usually irrespective of, any single firm’s operating situation† (Pearce & Robinson, 2013, pg. 87). 2. Industry environment; â€Å"The general conditions for competition that influence all businesses that provide similar products and services† (Pearce, 2013, pg. 97). â€Å"Operating environment also called the competitive or task environment comprises factors in the competitive situation that affect a firm’s success in acquiring needed resources or in profitably marketing its goods and services† (Pearce, 2013). They also control a major portion of the Tier 1 backbone of the internet. Remote  Environment (RE): See more: how to write an analysis of a research paper With each environmental factor exerting its effect individually, the analysis in these three different kinds can be done separately. Some of the main remote environmental factor that affects AT&T are economic, political and technological factors. Economic factors affect because more and more consumers can afford excellent internet service in a good economy and, the number declines as the economy slows down. Political factors do affect the day to day functioning of the service and, regulation in the internet/ cable industry is very stringent. Any changes in the government policies/ regulations will directly or indirectly impact AT&T’s business and, consumers inflow. Technological factors also affect the company because there is always a need to adapt the latest technology in the industry. The ever changing technologies, apps, products and, services will alter consumer’s attitude and buying behavior. Industry Environment (IE): The IE factors that impact AT&T are buyer power, substitute availability and competitive rivalry. The internet users have increased dramatically in the recent years. Providing great service and technology requires a large investment, but when customer switches their internet carrier, it result in high loss (bad debt expense from this trend). While Time Warner and AT&T have attempted to combat, these losses by charging one month bill in advance. Though a huge amount was recovered before the customers were gone but didn’t guarantee, customer loyalty. New entries are always a threat, mainly if they provide services in rural areas, where AT&T is still trying to make a mark. Operating Environment (OE): The OE factors affecting AT&T are customers and creditors. With the slowed economy in the country, the â€Å"assessment of suppliers and creditors is critical to an accurate evaluation of a firm’s operating environment. Question like: Does the creditors fairly value and willingly accept the firm’s pricing strategy for the service AT&T provides? Do the creditors perceive the firm as having an acceptable record of past payment?† (Pearce, 2013, pg. 114). â€Å"Operational indicators, which measure performance in planning and implementing organizational strategies, are internal, and  external customer satisfaction, quality metrics, internal processes, internal innovation, and continuous improvement efforts tend to drive future financial performance† (Curtright, 2000). Internal analysis To analyze the internal environmental (IE) factors for AT&T, one will have to first identify the strength and weakness of the organization. AT&T is amongst the largest cable companies, serving every Fortune 1000 company, as well as neighborhood businesses around the country. â€Å"AT&T serves 17.8 million broadband customers, including wireline (DSL, U-verse High-Speed Internet and, Satellite) and wireless mobile broadband LaptopConnect subscribers† (att.com, 2015). AT&T’s services and competencies are well matched with their strength to meet the market needs. â€Å"The major internal environmental changes, or areas for change, that could be expected to impact AT&T include: Marketing: new product offerings, new technology and, market trends. Financial: ability to acquire other firms and, corporate resources, capital expenditure. Operations: network management and partner relationships. Personnel: key executive management positions.   Quality: integration of controls on projects, monitoring of quality, system modernization and, operational support systems. General Management: performance and strategic planning† (Delahunty.com, n.d.) The external environment factors that are being discussed cover most of the strengths of AT&T versus weaknesses. But addressing the ethical obligations and exceptions of the consumers will always help (Team’s feedback). Core Competencies and Resources â€Å"Core competence is a capability or skill that a firm emphasizes and excels in doing while in pursuit of its overall mission. Core competencies that differ from those found in competing firms would be considered distinctive competencies† (Pearce & Robinson, 2011). The basic resources include; tangible assets, intangible assets and,  organizational capabilities. Some of the tangible assets of AT&T are inventory, cash reserves. The financial resources and physical resources; property, plant and, equipment net. The assessed intangible assets at AT&T are its brand name, (Goodwill) reputation, trademarks, licenses, trade secrets and, copyright. All the resources available at AT&T are valuables, and they provide the customer needs better than other alternatives. The resources are scarce and drive a key portion of overall profit. This makes the service provided by AT&T sustainable over a long period, which help in making better strategic plan for the organization. Competitive position and possibilities â€Å"Distinctive competencies that are identified and nurtured throughout the firm, allowing it to execute effectively so as to provide products or services to customers that are superior to competitor’s offerings, become the basis for a lasting competitive advantage† (Pearce, 2013, pg. 164). AT&T stands strong and gives very tough competition in its current competitive position. â€Å"AT&T Government Solutions provides professional services so agencies can better serve their customers and meet mission object† (Pragmatics, 2007). AT&T’s pending acquisition of DIRECTV will give more customers more opportunities to enjoy their favorite movies, TV shows, music and, sports. â€Å"Final regulatory approval of the merger will enable the combined companies to deliver more content to customers across multiple screens – mobile devices, TVs, laptops, and the backseat displays of connected cars. It’s commitment to expand and enhance its deployment of high-speed Internet service to cover at least 15 million customer locations across 48 states – most of them in underserved rural areas† (att.com, 2015). Structure of the organization and how it affects organizational performance AT&T has departmentalization structure as seen â€Å"in the division of labor as well as the decentralized decision-making assigned to teams, it shows that the existing policies, rules and regulations are directory in nature.  Apparently, the chain of command in the business unit is rather limited to the team leaders and the Chief Operations Officer. Since the organizational structure is rather flat, the business faces the adverse attitude of the employees with reference to the change in the organization. This indicates that the informal structures of the organization tend to have a great influence on the actual behavior of the employees† (Management Paradise, 2011). Conclusion By focusing on the SWOT analysis (external and internal environmental factors), AT&T can identify its strengths, weaknesses, threats and, opportunities. This can help the company to improve its competitive position in the internet market that will in turn generate additional revenues. References AT&T. (2015). AT&T Company Information. Retrieved from http://www.att.com/gen/investor-relations?pid=5711 Coppola, J., Delahunty, S., & Keune, G. (n.d.). The Internet Connection War-AT&T Internet Services for Consumers, a Strategic Evaluation. Retrieved from http://www.delahunty.com/cv/paper_att.doc Curtright, J. W., Stolp-Smith, Steven. C., & Edell, E.S. (2000, January). Strategic performance management: Development of a performance measurement system at the Mayo Clinic. Journal of Healthcare Management, 45(1), 58. Management Paradise. (2011, February 2). Organizational Structure of AT&T. Retrieved from http://www.managementparadise.com/forums/human-resources-management-h-r/214644-organisational-structure-t.html Pearce, J.A. & Robinson, R. B. (2013). Strategic Management: Planning for Domestic and Global Competition (13th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw Hill. Pragmatics, Inc. (2007). AT&T Government Solutions. Retrieved from https://ites-2s.pragmatics.com/metadot/index.pl?op=show&iid=223 1 UOP. (2013). External and Internal Environmental Analysis Instructions. Retrieved from https://newclassroom3.phoenix.edu/Classroom/#/contextid/OSIRIS:48364100/context/co/view/activityDetails/activity/df4da69c-3472-494d-952c-e99cc3619b2d/expanded/False/tab/Instructions

Repair you credit yourself Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Repair you credit yourself - Article Example For repairing credit, it is important that one has credit cards which shall take care of the same. Also this will ensure that the credit rating is repaired for the long term and the credit becomes repaired itself as and when there is a problem with the credit worthiness issues (Kempson, 2005). The aspect of credit repair is all the more important because it touches upon significant areas of credit worthiness which are discussed at length by the people who write credit repair reviews in newspapers and magazines (Devaney, 2001). I believe my credit repair needs to be done in such a way that there is success only and nothing else because credit worthiness means a great deal to me. Works Cited Calder, Lendol. Financing the American Dream: A Cultural History of Consumer Credit. Princeton University Press, 1999 Devaney, Sharon A. The Effects of Credit Attitude and Socioeconomic Factors on Credit Card and Installment Debt. Journal of Consumer Affairs, Vol. 35, 2001 Kempson, Elaine. Affordab le Credit: The Way Forward. Policy Press, 2005 Staten, Michael E. The Impact of Credit Counseling on Subsequent Borrower Behavior. Journal of Consumer Affairs, Vol. 41, 2007

Debate Critiques Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Debate Critiques - Essay Example For instance, the advantages of ethical obligations such as rise in market share, increase in market value, higher sales improved sales, lower employee turnover, and cost control are all explained with sufficient data obtained from previous researches. Furthermore, this presentation entices sufficient thought in the reader’s mind about possible negative impact of multinational corporations, which is also explained in this presentation. Another scoring point in Team A’s presentation is that it explains the potential negative impact of absence of ethical obligations by explaining what kind of impact multinational companies can have on the economy, country, and environment if they did not have any ethical obligations towards these entities. The main strengths of presentation by Team B include its succinctness and reader-friendly approach. This presentation highlights the most important points related to the kind of ethical obligations that multinational corporations have. Further, it highlights the ethical considerations multinational companies have kinds of impact ethical obligations can have such as employment practices, workplace conditions, environmental impact, local customs, and ethics. However, this presentation does not provide any information related to experimental evidences. Another weakness in Team B’s presentation is in its flow and presentation of information, which could have been better as it covered almost same information as Team A, but without any experimental evidence. Although information here is not irrelevant, the relevance of information presented is not established. Lack of support from experimental evidence presents this as a weaker presentation. The main strengths of Team A’s presentation include its presentation style, logic, and flow, and link to experimental evidence. Every point made in this presentation has been clearly explained and

Can Franchising as a strategy help organization gain market share Essay

Can Franchising as a strategy help organization gain market share globally case study as Starbucks - Essay Example 'The Word franchise is sometimes (particularly in the United States) is used in a wide sense more or less synonymous with distributorship. It is not a technical legal expression but in Europe the word generally connotes something along the lines of the setup described below. It is a distribution method described by a manufacturer or supplier who has developed a well known name and appearance for its product (usually including intellectual property rights). It may manufacture the goods itself or it may simply select goods produced by a third party. In the latter case the franchise maybe described as the business format franchise, since it is essentially a business format that is being exploited. In either case it will probably have established an 'image' for its existing sales outlets, connected with the physical appearance of the outlets and the business methods applied. These names 'trademarks' and image, will be known by the public and attract customers who recognize these familiar signs. Service franchises such as photocopy shops and hair dressing salons are also a type of business format franchise'2. 'The story of the Starbucks Corporation tells of one of the most successful business endeavors in recent memory. Unfortunately, if you dream of someday opening your very own Starbucks coffee shop, you should know that the Starbucks Corporation famously does not franchise its business operations. However, there are other ways to pursue a Starbucks franchise opportunity.The Starbucks Corporation is based in Seattle, where the first Starbucks stores were opened in Seattle's Pike Place Market in 1971. Howard Schultz, the director of retail and marketing for Starbucks, was inspired by the coffee culture of Southern Europe. Clearly, the Starbucks business model has attracted much success and attention. While many potential investors would relish the idea pursuing a Starbucks franchise opportunity, the company does not franchise their stores. There does exist another Starbucks franchise opportunity. The Starbucks Corporation does participate in the sales of license agreements to qualified businesses or individuals. The Starbucks license agreement allows a smaller company to sell Starbucks products and conduct its own operations. However, this smaller operation remains solely owned by the Starbucks Corporation. Another way to pursue a Starbucks franchise opportunity is through the route of a joint venture scheme. A joint venture scheme allows a company to align itself with the Starbucks Corporation in a hopefully mutually beneficial business relationship. The joint venture scheme is akin to the relationship forged between Barnes and Noble and Starbucks'3. "Advantages & Disadvantages of Franchising" 'Just like any other business structure, a franchise is no exception to the rule of having both advantages and disadvantages associated with owning such a business. While our list will actually make the distinction

Consanguineous Marriages among Arabs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Consanguineous Marriages among Arabs - Essay Example Thus beginning should focus on the significant of this research to our largest society since the marriage as it definition stated above is mainly adapt by blood relations. To this end, readers are expected to gain a lots from the digging that would made of the merit and demerit of the said marriage, so that they would either practicing it if any, or else reduce, based on the lessons they grab from the writing. It should be noted however that consanguineous marriage is not only practicing by Arab in this world, it is a general phenomenon among humanity. Since it is a marriage that exists among biological relations, for example, first cousins, uncle's son marries auntie's daughter and others. It is a union between male and female among al, races irrespective of where they came from. For example, "around the globe consanguineous marriages have been practiced by many societies from time immemorial. It is widely practiced in Asia, North Africa, Switzerland, Middle East, some parts of China, Japan and fishermen communities in Europe and America. One in two rural marriages in Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh are consanguineous". (Problem with consanguineous marriage) Since the said marriage is a general phenomenon among all races, as long as they contracted marriage based on blood relations. Thus this research would explore all channels towards knowing much about the marriage, and what are the positive and negative implications that would befall on any society that remain only on contracting consanguineous marriage. By doing so, societies would be able to taker a stand on what they should do if it happens they are very much deep in it. While academically, this research would add lots to knowledge seekers especially in the field under discussion, to know much about consanguineous marriage, how it is practicing and it positive and negative impact to the societies. To this end, after the research, they would use what they might have learn toward inculcating to their societies, especially who are practicing the type of that marriage in shading more light to them, so they can adjust where necessary. Since the research on the above mention marriage is primarily focusing on its practices among Arabs, there is the need to make an assessment on the rate of it practices in the Arab countries to further clarify the issue. CAUSES OF CONSANGENEOUS MARRIEGE AND ITS EFFECT At this point there is the need to research on what are the causes of consanguineous marriage Why some societies continue to remain firm on practicing this marriage despite the fact even if it has positive, it also has it negative effect One of the researches conducted has shows that one of the causes of practicing consanguineous is said to enhance cordial relationship among families, it is said to also increase the nature of political relationship, being religious or cultural.In Middle East for example, it is found that one of the vigor reasons of engaging in consanguineous marriage is for enhancing political development among Arabs people. The ties of relations in marriage affairs in that part of the world is very significant in continue being under one umbrella. A writer name Kurtz, write about why Arab people of the Middle East prefer consanguineous ma

Developing Staffing Plan for an Organization Research Paper

Developing Staffing Plan for an Organization - Research Paper Example An organization may prompt to promote staff from within rather than critically analyzing the needs and consequences to the organization. This strategy might not be effective towards the success of the organization (Bhat & Simon, 2008). Staffing plan enables organizations plan appropriately for the future through identification of current and future staffing requirements. This ensures compliance to the federal and state requirements, as well as assisting organizations in developing and communicating the staffing strategies to the stakeholders. Furthermore, staffing plan is critical in identification of contingency plans, and this addresses the staffing needs based on availability of resources. As a result, an organization can defend and explain the decisions taken when hiring or retrenching the personnel based on objective analysis and proper reasoning complimented by the staffing plan (Budahl, 1970). A staffing plan necessitates transformation of the staffing function to ensure alignment of the human capital to the strategic goals of a company. This enhances utilization of employee, competitive positioning and overall effectiveness.This report presents a website development staffing plan. It covers the literature review, the staff resource; staff assigned roles, resource loading and organizational structure. 2.0. Literature Review From the business point of view, not all staffing positions require full time commitment. Some key functions can be bundled up together to enable a single position cover more than one function. Furthermore, some major functions may be under board committee member or volunteer. Ideally, the staffing plan entails all the staffing needs within a period of 2-3 years. Whenever an opportunity of adding staff arises, the organization response can be quick and assured. The current staff, stakeholders and board members enhances collection of input through which a draft plan can be pulled together within a short duration. Mostly, the drafting process starts by establishing goals and mission of the organization and identification of customer requirements. Identification of customer requirements enhances determination of the kind of staff required as well as determining key functions to keep the organization afloat (Bhat & Simon, 2008). Staffing plan outlines the responsibilities and assignment of various staff to different duties to enhance accountability. This must address the need for any financing or fundraiser. The people enhancing funding should be among the staff. The staffing plan should clearly outline the business objectives. This state the measurable targets on how the business aims must be achieved and sets out the values of the business. This enhances comprehensive understanding of the underlying basis the business actions. Normally, the business objectives reflect the desired financial outcomes. These include the desired profit levels and sales, the growth rates, the amount of generated cash, and the dividends or business value paid to the stakeholders. The objectives can be corporate, functional or unit. Corporate objectives express the relationship of the entire business, and the top management takes